Effect of temperature regime on pollen and the effective pollination of `Kent' mango in Israel
نویسندگان
چکیده
`Kent' mango (Mangifera indica L.) ̄owers were sampled in an orchard in the coastal plain of Israel during the 1997 ̄owering season. Effective pollination rate was determined at two stages of the fertilization process: (a) pollen germination on the stigma; (b) pollen-tube penetration into the ovule. Pollination rates were negligible during the ®rst part of the ̄owering season (31 March to 18 April), reaching a high value only at the end of the season (21 May). The same phenomenon also occurred, albeit with consistently higher rates of effective pollination, when detached ̄owers, taken from the orchard during the ̄owering season, were pollinated and incubated for 24 h at the presumed optimal temperature of 308C, indicating that the reproductive organs were not fully functionally viable. At the start of the ̄owering season, all the pollen was deformed, and later (16 April 1997), when pollen grain shape was normal, only 23% of it was found to be viable by Alexander's staining. The functional viability of the pollen and pistils of orchardand phytotrongrown (22/278C, night/day) ̄owers was determined in detached ̄owers. At the beginning of the ̄owering season, both orchard pollen and pistils tended to be defective. Orchard pollen germinated poorly, even on phytotron adapted stigmas. Ovule penetration was hampered in orchard pistils, even when phytotron pollen was used for pollination. Chilling injury appeared to be responsible for the damage to the reproductive organs of the orchard ̄owers. The negligible rate of effective pollination found in mango orchards in Israel during a signi®cant part of the ̄owering season therefore appears to be due to the detrimental effect of cold weather on the pollination and fertilization processes as well as on the functional viability of the male and female reproductive organs. # 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
منابع مشابه
Reproductive Biology of Mango (Mangifera indica) in a Mediterranean Climate
The importance of mango growing contrasts with the paucity of information on its reproductive biology. In this work, the reproductive biology of mango was studied in the subtropical conditions of the Southern Spanish Mediterranean coast, using the cultivars `Osteen ́, `Kensington ́, `Kent ́ and `Keitt ́. In order to establish the appropriate developmental coordinates during the reproductive phase, ...
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